W. Grey Walter · Research · 1949
Machina Speculatrix — the first autonomous electronic robots. Built by neurophysiologist W. Grey Walter in Bristol, these phototropic "tortoises" sought light, avoided obstacles and returned to their hutch to recharge, exhibiting lifelike behavior from just two vacuum-tube "neurons".
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View full interactive profile, comparisons & videos →| Category | Research |
| Status | Active |
| Year | 1949 |
| Actuator type | Two vacuum-tube analog control, photocell steering, drive + steer motors |
| Use cases | Foundational cybernetics research |
| Made in | UK |